DSE 中文十二篇範文《勸學》語譯及結構分析_中、英語譯X雙語MP3配音
- 3月29日
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《勸學》
第一段_文言
君子曰: 學不可以已。
青，取之於藍，而青於藍; 冰，水為之，而寒於水。
木直中繩，輮以為輪，其曲中規，雖有槁暴，
不復挺者，輮使之然也。故木受繩則直，金就礪則利
君子博學而日參省乎己，則知明而行無過矣。
第一段_白話語譯
君子說：學習是不可以終止的。
靛青色， 在藍草中提取（倒裝句），而比藍草更青（倒裝句）；
冰，水構成它，而比水更低溫(倒裝)。
木頭筆直，符合 繩墨(的標準)，用火烘烤使木彎曲成為車輪，
它的彎曲程度便符合圓規(的標準)， 即使又受到枯乾丶曬乾，
(亦)不會復原筆直的樣子， (是)用火烘烤使致這樣。
因此木材被工匠以墨繩校正就會變得筆直，
金屬接受9(磨刀石)磨礪就變得鋒利。
君子廣博地學習而且每日多次反省自己，
這就能心智清明而行為亦沒有過失了。
第一段_英文翻譯
The gentleman says: "Learning must never cease."
Indigo is extracted from the indigo plant, but it is bluer than the plant; ice is made from water, but it is colder than water."
A piece of wood may be straight enough to conform to a carpenter's ink line, but if bent by fire to make a wheel, its curvature will conform to the compass. Even if it is dried in the sun again, it will not return to being straight, because the bending process made it so.
Therefore, wood subjected to the ink line becomes straight, and metal put to the grindstone becomes sharp. If a gentleman learns broadly and daily reflects upon himself, his mind will be clear and his actions will be without fault.
第二段_文言
吾嘗終日而思矣，不如須臾之所學也;
吾嘗跂而望矣，不如登高之博見也。
登高而招，臂非加長也，而見者遠;
順風而呼，聲非加疾也，而聞者彰。
假輿馬者，非利足也，而致千里;
假舟楫者，非能水也，而絕江河。
君子生非異也， 善假於物也。
第二段_白話語譯 我曾經整天思考， 比不上片刻的學習的；
我曾經踮起腳跟望遠， 比不上登上高處的廣博景觀。
登上高處招手， 手臂並不是增加長度，但所見的人可在遠處；
順著風呼叫， 聲量沒有提高，但聽到的人(卻十分)清楚。
假借車馬的人， 不是跑得快， 而能達到千里；
假借船槳(借代船隻)的人， 不是善於游泳，但能橫渡江河。
君子的天性並非與人不同，善於借助外在條件罷了。
第二段_英文翻譯
I once spent a whole day in thought, but it was not as good as a moment of learning.
I once stood on tiptoe to look afar, but it was not as good as climbing to a high place for a broader view.
When you climb high and wave, your arm does not grow longer, but you can be seen from afar; when you shout downwind, your voice does not grow louder, but you can be heard clearly.
One who borrows a carriage and horses does not become a faster runner, but can reach a thousand li; one who borrows a boat and oars does not become a skilled swimmer, but can cross rivers.
The gentleman's nature is no different from others; he is simply good at making use of external things.
第三段_文言
積土成山，風雨興焉 ; 積水成淵，蛟龍生焉 ;
積善成德， 而神明自得，聖心備焉。
故不積跬步，無以至千里; 不積小流，無以成江海。
騏驥一躍，不能十步;駑馬十駕，功在不舍。
鍥而舍之，朽木不折; 鍥而不舍，金石可鏤。
螾無爪牙之利，筋骨之強，
上食埃土，下飲黃泉，用心一也；
蟹六跪而二鉗，非蛇蟺之穴無可寄託者，用心躁也。
第三段_白話語譯
累積的泥土形成山，風雨就會在這裏興起；
積聚水形成深水之處，蛟和龍就會在這裏產生；
累積善行形成品德， 這樣自然得到智慧，
具備聖人的精神境界。
因此不積累半步， 無法到達千里之遠；
不積累水流， 無法形成江海。
駿馬一跳躍， 不會有十步遠；
劣馬奔走十日的路程， 成效在於沒有放棄8。
雕刻時放棄繼續做，腐朽的木也不會折斷；
雕刻時不放棄，金石也可以雕刻。
蚯蚓沒有鋒利的爪牙，強健的筋骨，
卻可以往上食細土，向下喝用泉水，因為心思專一。
蟹有六足，兩隻蟹鉗，
沒有蛇丶鱔的洞穴就沒有寄居15的地方，
因為心思浮躁。
第三段_英文翻譯
Accumulate earth to form a mountain, and wind and rain will rise from it; accumulate water to form a deep pool, and dragons will be born in it.
Accumulate good deeds to form virtue, and spiritual clarity will naturally be attained, equipping one with the mind of a sage.
Therefore, without accumulating half-steps, one cannot reach a thousand li; without accumulating small streams, one cannot form rivers and seas.
A thoroughbred horse cannot cover ten paces in a single leap; a worn-out horse can cover a ten-day journey, its success lying in not giving up.
"If you carve but then give up, even rotten wood will not break; if you carve without giving up, even metal and stone can be engraved.
The earthworm does not have sharp claws or teeth, nor strong bones and muscles, yet it eats dirt above and drinks from the deep springs below, because its mind is focused.
The crab has six legs and two pincers, yet it has nowhere to lodge except in the holes of snakes and eels, because its mind is restless.
