DSE 中文十二篇範文《廉頗藺相如列傳》語譯及結構分析_中、英語譯X雙語MP3配音
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《廉頗藺相如列傳》
1.完璧歸趙_文言
廉頗者，趙之良將也。趙惠文王十六年，廉頗為趙將伐齊，大破之，取陽晉，拜為上卿，以勇氣聞於諸侯。
藺相如者，趙人也，為趙宦者令繆賢舍人。
1.完璧歸趙_白話翻譯
廉頗這人，是趙國的優秀將領。趙惠文王十六年，
廉頗作為趙國的將領討伐齊國，大敗它(齊軍) ， 取得陽晉， 官拜為上卿，
憑着勇猛善戰而在諸侯國之間聞名。
藺相如，趙國人，是趙國宦官頭目繆賢的侍從。
1.完璧歸趙_英文翻譯
Lian Po was an excellent general of the state of Zhao.
In the sixteenth year of King Huiwen of Zhao, Lian Po acted as the general of Zhao to attack Qi, completely defeated it, captured Yangjin, and was appointed as a Chief Minister, becoming famous among the feudal lords for his bravery.
Lin Xiangru was a man of Zhao; he was a retainer of Miao Xian, the chief eunuch of Zhao.
2.完璧歸趙_文言
趙惠文王時，得楚和氏璧。
秦昭王聞之，使人遺趙王書，願以十五城請易璧。
趙王與大將軍廉頗諸大臣謀：欲予秦，秦城恐不可得，徒見欺；欲勿予，即患秦兵之來。
計未定，求人可使報秦者，未得。宦者令繆賢曰： 「臣舍人藺相如可使。」
王問：「何以知之？」
2.完璧歸趙_白話翻譯
趙惠文王的時候，得到楚國的和氏璧。秦昭王聽到了這件事，派人送給趙王一封信，
願意用十五座城換取這塊璧。趙王跟大將軍廉頗等大臣商議：
要是把這塊玉璧給秦國，恐怕秦國的城邑得不到，白白被欺騙了；
要是不給，就擔心秦國的軍隊到來。
計策還沒有定下來，徵求可以作為使臣去答覆秦國的人，未能找到
宦官頭目繆賢說：「我的侍從藺相如可以出使。」
趙王問：「憑甚麼知道他可以呢?」
2.完璧歸趙_英文翻譯
During the time of King Huiwen of Zhao, (Zhao) obtained the Heshi Jade of Chu. King Zhao of Qin heard of this and sent an envoy to deliver a letter to the King of Zhao, wishing to offer fifteen cities in exchange for the jade.
The King of Zhao consulted with the Great General Lian Po and the ministers: If they wanted to give it to Qin, they feared Qin's cities could not be obtained and they would simply be deceived; if they did not want to give it, they worried that Qin's army would come.
The plan was undecided; they sought someone who could be sent as an envoy to reply to Qin, but could not find anyone. The chief eunuch Miao Xian said, "My retainer Lin Xiangru can be sent." The King asked, "How do you know this?"
3.完璧歸趙_文言
對曰：「臣嘗有罪，竊計欲亡走燕，臣舍人相如止臣，
曰：『君何以知燕王？』
臣語曰：『臣嘗從大王 與燕王會境上，燕王私握臣手，
曰「願結友。」以此知之，故欲往。』
相如謂臣曰：
『夫趙彊而燕弱，而君幸於趙王，故燕王欲結於君。
今君乃亡趙走燕，燕畏趙，其勢必不敢留君，而束君歸趙矣。
君不如肉袒伏斧質請罪，則幸得脫矣。』
臣從其計，大王亦幸赦臣。臣竊以為其人勇士，有智謀，宜可使。」
3.完璧歸趙_白話翻譯
繆賢回答說：「我曾經犯了罪，私下打算逃跑到燕國去。
我的門客藺相如勸阻我說：『您憑甚麼了解燕王呢？』
我告訴他說：『我曾跟着大王到邊境上與燕王會面，燕王私下握着我的手，說願意交個朋友。我了解他，所以打算投奔去。』
相如對我說：『趙國強大而燕國弱，而您又得到趙王寵幸，所以燕王想和您交朋友。
現在您卻是從趙國逃跑去燕國，燕國害怕趙國，他們勢必不敢收留您，
反而會把您綁起來送回趙國。您不如赤身伏在刑具上請求大王處罰，
或許僥倖能得到赦免。
我按照他的辦法去做，幸而大王赦免了我。
我認為他這個人是個勇士，又有智謀，可供差使。」
3.完璧歸趙_英文翻譯
The chief eunuch Miao Xian said, "My retainer Lin Xiangru can be sent." The King asked, "How do you know this?"
He replied: "I once committed a crime and secretly planned to flee to Yan. My retainer Xiangru stopped me, saying, 'How do you know the King of Yan?'
I told him: 'I once followed Your Majesty to meet the King of Yan at the border. The King of Yan privately held my hand and said, "I wish to become friends." From this I know him, so I want to go there.
Xiangru said to me: 'Now Zhao is strong and Yan is weak, and you are favored by the King of Zhao, so the King of Yan wanted to befriend you.
Now you are fleeing Zhao to go to Yan; Yan fears Zhao, so they certainly would not dare to keep you, but would bind you and return you to Zhao. You would be better off baring your upper body and lying on the execution block to ask for punishment; then you might be lucky enough to be pardoned.'
I followed his advice, and Your Majesty also fortunately pardoned me. I privately believe this man is a brave warrior with wisdom and strategy, and is suitable to be sent."
4.完璧歸趙_文言
於是王召見，問藺相如曰：「秦王以十五城請易寡人之璧， 可予不？」
相如曰：「秦彊而趙弱，不可不許。」
王曰：「取吾璧，不予我城，奈何？」
相如曰：「秦以城求璧而趙不許，曲在趙；趙予璧而秦不予趙城，曲在秦。
均之二策，寧許以負秦曲。」
王曰：「誰可使者？」
相如曰：「王必無人，臣願奉璧往使。
城入趙而璧留秦；城不入，臣請完璧歸趙。」
趙王於是遂遣相如奉璧西入秦。
4.完璧歸趙_白話翻譯
於是趙王召見（藺相如），問藺相如說：
「秦王要用十五座城換我的和氏璧，可以給予他嗎？」
相如說：「秦國強大，趙國弱小，不能不答應。」
趙王說：「（秦王）拿了我的和氏璧，（卻）不給我城邑，那怎麼辦呢?」
相如說：「秦王用城來換璧而趙國不答應，理虧的是趙國；
趙國給了璧而秦國不給趙國城邑，理虧的是秦國。
比較這兩個對策，寧可答應將和氏璧給予秦國，使它負上理虧的責任。」
趙王問：「誰可以擔任使者呢?」
相如說：「大王倘若沒有人選，我願捧着和氏璧出使秦國。
城歸入趙國，璧就留在秦國；城不歸入趙國，我就把璧玉完完整整地帶回趙國。」
趙王就派相如帶着璧往西去秦國。
4.完璧歸趙_英文翻譯
Thereupon the King summoned and saw him, asking Lin Xiangru: "The King of Qin requests to exchange fifteen cities for my jade. Can it be given or not?"
Xiangru said, "Qin is strong and Zhao is weak; you cannot refuse to agree."
The King said, "If he takes my jade and does not give me the cities, what then?"
Xiangru said, "If Qin asks for the jade with cities and Zhao does not agree, the wrong is on Zhao's side. If Zhao gives the jade and Qin does not give Zhao the cities, the wrong is on Qin's side. Comparing these two strategies, it is better to agree and make Qin bear the wrong."
The King said, "Who can be sent as the envoy?"
Xiangru said, "If Your Majesty truly has no one, I am willing to take the jade and go as the envoy. If the cities enter Zhao, the jade will stay in Qin; if the cities do not enter, I request to return the jade intact to Zhao."
The King of Zhao thereupon sent Xiangru to bear the jade and travel west into Qin.
5.完璧歸趙_文言
秦王坐章台見相如，相如奉璧奏秦王。秦王大喜，傳以示美人及左右，
左右皆呼萬歲。相如視秦王無意償趙城，乃前曰：「璧有瑕，請指示王。」
王授璧，相如因持璧，卻立，倚柱，怒髮上衝冠。
謂秦王曰：「大王欲得璧，使人發書至趙王，趙王悉召羣臣議，
皆曰：『秦貪，負其彊，以空言求璧，償城恐不可得』。議不欲予秦璧。
臣以為布衣之交尚不相欺，況大國乎！且以一璧之故逆彊秦之驩，不可。
於是趙王乃齋戒五日，使臣奉璧， 拜送書於庭。何者？嚴大國之威以修敬也。
今臣至，大王見臣列觀，禮節甚倨；得璧，傳之美人，以戲弄臣。
臣觀大王無意償趙王城邑，故臣復取璧。大王必欲急臣，臣頭今與璧俱碎於柱矣！」
相如持其璧睨柱，欲以擊柱。
5.完璧歸趙_白話翻譯
秦王在章臺上接見藺相如。藺相如捧着和氏璧獻給秦王。
秦王高興極了，把璧遞給妃嬪和近臣看，大家高呼萬歲。
藺相如看出秦王沒有把城抵償給趙國的意思，
就走上前去說：「這璧玉有斑點，讓我指給大王看。」
秦王把璧交給他，藺相如於是握着璧後退站立，靠着殿柱，憤怒得頭髮都要豎起來了
對秦王說：「大王想得到和氏璧，派人送信給趙王，趙王召集所有大臣來商議，
都說：『秦國貪婪，恃著3國力強大，用空話來求取璧，抵償的城恐怕得不到。』
商議不打算把和氏璧給秦國。
我以為平民百姓的交往尚且互不欺騙，何況是大國呢？
而為了一塊璧的緣故拂逆與強大的秦國之間的歡快，不可取。
於是趙王就齋戒了五天，派我捧着和氏璧，並在朝廷上行了禮，送出國書。為甚麼會這樣？
是尊重（你們）大國的威望以表示敬意啊。
現在我來到，大王只在一般的宮殿裏接見我，禮節十分傲慢；得到璧後，把它傳給美人看，用來戲弄我。我看大王沒有誠意把城給趙王，所以我又把璧取回。您如果一定要逼迫我的話，我的頭立刻與和氏璧一同在這柱子上碰個粉碎！」
藺相如拿着和氏璧斜視看着廷柱，準備拿它去撞擊廷柱。
5.完璧歸趙_英文翻譯
The King of Zhao thereupon sent Xiangru to bear the jade and travel west into Qin.
The King of Qin sat on the Zhang Terrace to receive Xiangru; Xiangru respectfully presented the jade to the King of Qin. The King of Qin was overjoyed and passed it around to show his concubines and attendants; the attendants all shouted 'Ten thousand years!'
Xiangru saw that the King of Qin had no intention of compensating Zhao with the cities, so he stepped forward and said: "The jade has a flaw; please let me point it out to Your Majesty." The King handed over the jade. Xiangru then took hold of it, stepped back and stood, leaning against a pillar, his hair standing up in anger so much as to push up his hat.
He said to the King of Qin: "Your Majesty wanted to get the jade, and sent someone with a letter to the King of Zhao. The King of Zhao summoned all his ministers to discuss it, and they all said: 'Qin is greedy, relying on its strength, seeking the jade with empty words; the compensation of cities will likely not be obtained.' They discussed and did not want to give Qin the jade.
I thought that even commoners in their dealings do not deceive each other, let alone a great state! Moreover, to offend the goodwill of the strong Qin for the sake of a single piece of jade is not acceptable.
Therefore, the King of Zhao fasted for five days, sent me to bear the jade, and respectfully delivered the letter in the court. Why? To revere the majesty of a great state and show respect.
Now I have arrived; Your Majesty received me in an ordinary palace hall, and your manners were very arrogant. Having obtained the jade, you passed it to your concubines to mock me. I observed that Your Majesty has no intention of compensating the King of Zhao with the cities, so I have taken the jade back. If Your Majesty insists on pressing me, my head will now be smashed against the pillar together with the jade!" Xiangru held the jade and glared sidelong at the pillar, preparing to strike it against the pillar.
6.完璧歸趙_文言
秦王恐其破璧，乃辭謝固請，召有司案圖，指從此以往十五都予趙。
相如度秦王特以詐佯為予趙城，實不可得，
乃謂秦王曰：「和氏璧，天下所共傳寶也。趙王恐，不敢不獻。
趙王送璧時，齋戒五日，今大王亦宜齋戒五日，設九賓於廷，臣乃敢上璧。」
秦王度之，終不可彊奪，遂許齋五日，舍相如廣成傳。
相如度秦王雖齋，決負約不償城，
乃使其從者衣褐， 懷其璧，從徑道亡，歸璧於趙。
6.完璧歸趙_白話翻譯
秦王怕他撞碎玉璧，於是婉言道歉，堅決請求藺相如不要這樣做，同時召喚負責掌管版圖的官吏按着地圖，指着從這裏到那裏的十五座城給予趙國。
藺相如估計秦王只是以狡詐的話假裝給趙國都城，實際上不可得到，
就對秦王說：「和氏璧是天下所公認的寶物，趙王害怕（大王），不敢不獻上。
他送璧的時候曾齋戒了五天，現在大王也應當齋戒五天，
在朝廷上舉行九賓大禮，我才敢獻上璧。」
秦王估量了一下，知道終究不能強奪，就答應齋戒五天，安置藺相如住在廣成傳裏。
藺相如推測秦王雖說答應齋戒，但必定會違背約定不以城來抵償，
於是命令他的隨從穿着粗布便衣（裝扮成平民模樣），
懷裏藏着和氏璧，循小路逃走，把和氏璧送回趙國。
6.完璧歸趙_英文翻譯
The King of Qin feared he would smash the jade, so he apologized and firmly requested him not to do so. He summoned the officials to consult the map, pointing out fifteen cities from here to there to be given to Zhao.
Xiangru estimated that the King of Qin was merely pretending to give Zhao the cities out of deceit, and that they could not actually be obtained. So he said to the King of Qin: "The Heshi Jade is a treasure universally recognized in the world. The King of Zhao was afraid and dared not refuse to offer it.
When the King of Zhao sent the jade, he fasted for five days. Now Your Majesty should also fast for five days and set up the Nine Guests ceremony in the court; only then will I dare to present the jade."
The King of Qin considered this and realized he ultimately could not take it by force, so he agreed to fast for five days and housed Xiangru in the Guangcheng guesthouse.
Xiangru estimated that although the King of Qin was fasting, he would definitely break the promise and not compensate with the cities. So he ordered his retainer to wear coarse clothes, hide the jade in his bosom, flee along a small bypass, and return the jade to Zhao.
7.完璧歸趙_文言
秦王齋五日後，乃設九賓禮於廷，引趙使者藺相如。
相如至，謂秦王 曰：「秦自繆公以來二十餘君，未嘗有堅明約束者也。
臣誠恐見欺於王而 負趙，故令人持璧歸，間至趙矣。
且秦彊而趙弱，大王遣一介之使至趙， 趙立奉璧來；今以秦之彊而先割十五都予趙，
趙豈敢留璧而得罪於大王乎？
臣知欺大王之罪當誅，臣請就湯鑊。唯大王與羣臣孰計議之！」
秦王與羣臣相視而嘻。左右或欲引相如去，
秦王因曰：「今殺相如，終不能得璧也，而絕秦趙之驩，不如因而厚遇之，
使歸趙，趙王豈以一璧之故欺秦邪！」
卒廷見相如，畢禮而歸之。相如既歸，趙王以為賢大夫，
使不辱於諸侯， 拜相如為上大夫。
秦亦不以城予趙，趙亦終不予秦璧。
7.完璧歸趙_白話翻譯
秦王齋戒五天後，就在朝廷上設九賓大禮，引見趙國使者藺相如。相如來到，對秦王說：
「秦國自從秦穆公以來的二十多個國君，未曾有堅守信約的君主。我實在怕被大王欺騙而辜負趙國，所以派人帶着和氏璧，從偏僻的小路回到趙國了。
再說秦國強而趙國弱，大王派一個（低小的）使者到趙國去，趙國馬上就捧着璧前來。現在以秦國的強盛而先割十五座城給趙國，趙國怎麼敢留着和氏璧而得罪大王呢？
我知道欺騙了大王應得死罪，我請求受湯鑊之刑。希望大王與羣臣仔細商量這件事！」
秦王和羣臣面面相覷，發出既驚且怒的聲音6。左右的人有些想把相如拉出去（處死），
秦王於是說：「現在殺死相如，還是得不到璧，反而斷絕了秦趙兩國的交情，不如就此好好地對待他，讓他回趙國去。難道趙王怎會因為一塊璧玉的緣故而欺騙我們秦國呢？」
（秦王）終於在朝廷上接見了藺相如，舉行儀式後送他回國。
藺相如回國以後，趙王認為他勝過一般大夫，出使諸侯之國，能不受欺辱，任命相如做上大夫。（這以後）秦國也沒有把城邑給趙國，趙國終於也沒有給秦國和氏璧。
7.完璧歸趙_英文翻譯
After fasting for five days, the King of Qin set up the Nine Guests ceremony in the court and summoned the Zhao envoy, Lin Xiangru.
Xiangru arrived and said to the King of Qin: "From Duke Mu of Qin until now, for over twenty rulers, there has never been one who firmly and clearly kept his agreements. I was truly afraid of being deceived by Your Majesty and failing Zhao, so I ordered someone to take the jade back, and he has arrived in Zhao via a secret route.
Moreover, Qin is strong and Zhao is weak. If Your Majesty sent a single envoy to Zhao, Zhao would immediately bring the jade here. Now, with Qin's strength, if you first cede fifteen cities to Zhao, how would Zhao dare to keep the jade and offend Your Majesty?
I know the crime of deceiving Your Majesty deserves death; I request to be boiled in the cauldron. I only hope Your Majesty and your ministers will consider this carefully!"
The King of Qin and his ministers looked at each other and made sounds of shock and anger. Some attendants wanted to drag Xiangru away.
The King of Qin then said: "If we kill Xiangru now, we still will not get the jade, and it will sever the friendly relations between Qin and Zhao. It is better to treat him well and let him return to Zhao. Would the King of Zhao deceive Qin for the sake of a single piece of jade!"
In the end, he formally received Xiangru in the court, completed the ceremony, and sent him back.
After Xiangru returned, the King of Zhao considered him a worthy official who could act as an envoy without bringing disgrace among the feudal lords, and appointed Xiangru as Senior Grand Master. Qin never gave the cities to Zhao, and Zhao ultimately never gave the jade to Qin.
8.澠池之會_文言
其後秦伐趙，拔石城。明年，復攻趙，殺二萬人。
秦王使使者告趙王，欲與王為好會於西河外澠池。
趙王畏秦，欲毋行。廉頗、藺相如計曰：「王不行，示趙弱且怯也。」
趙王遂行，相如從。廉頗送至境，與王訣曰：
「王行，度3道裡會遇之禮畢，還，不過三十日。
三十日不還，則請立太子為王，以絕秦望。」
王許之，遂與秦王會澠池。
8.澠池之會_白話翻譯
後來，秦國攻打趙國，攻取了石城。第二年，再攻打趙國，殺了兩萬人。
秦國派使者告訴趙王，想與趙王會面於西河外的澠池，以示友好。趙王害怕秦國，不想去。
廉頗與藺相如商量說：「大王不去，顯得趙國弱小膽怯。」
趙王於是赴會，藺相如隨從同去。
廉頗送行到邊境上，跟趙王告別說：「大王這次前去，估計路上行程和會見的禮節完畢回來，不會超過三十天。（如果）三十天後不回來，就請容許我們立太子為王，以斷絕秦國（要脅）的念頭。」
趙王答應了他。於是就和秦王在澠池相會。
8.澠池之會_英文翻譯
Afterwards, Qin attacked Zhao and captured Shicheng. The next year, it attacked Zhao again, killing twenty thousand people.
The King of Qin sent an envoy to inform the King of Zhao, wishing to hold a friendly meeting with him at Mianchi outside Xihe. The King of Zhao feared Qin and wanted not to go.
Lian Po and Lin Xiangru consulted and said, "If Your Majesty does not go, it will show that Zhao is weak and cowardly." The King of Zhao then went, and Xiangru accompanied him.
Lian Po escorted him to the border and bid farewell to the King, saying: "Your Majesty is going; I estimate that completing the journey and the meeting ceremonies and returning will not exceed thirty days. If you do not return in thirty days, I request to make the Crown Prince the king to cut off Qin's hopes."
The King agreed to this, and then met the King of Qin at Mianchi.
9.澠池之會_文言
秦王飲酒酣，曰：「寡人竊聞趙王好音，請奏瑟。」
趙王鼓瑟。秦禦史前書 曰：「某年月日，秦王與趙王會飲，令趙王鼓瑟。」
藺相如前曰：「趙王竊 聞秦王善為秦聲，請奏盆缻秦王，以相娛樂。」
秦王怒，不許。於是相如前進缻，因跪請秦王。
秦王不肯擊缻。相如曰：「五步之內，相如請得以頸血濺大王矣！」
左右欲刃4相如，相如張目叱之，左右皆靡。
於是秦王不懌，為一擊缻。
秦之羣臣曰：「請以趙十五城為秦王壽。」
藺相如亦曰：「請以秦之咸陽為趙王壽。」
秦王竟酒，終不能加勝於趙。趙亦盛設兵以待秦，秦不敢動。
9.澠池之會_白話翻譯
秦王喝酒喝得高興時說：「我聽說趙王喜愛音樂，請趙王彈彈瑟吧。」
趙王彈瑟，秦國的御史走上前寫道：
「某年某月某日，秦王與趙王一起飲酒，命令趙王彈瑟。」
藺相如走上前說：「趙王聽說秦王擅長3唱秦地的歌曲，
請（允許我）獻上盆給秦王（敲打拍子來唱歌），以此互相酬答娛樂。」
秦王發怒，不肯答應。於是相如上前獻上盆缻，隨即跪下請求秦王。
秦王不肯敲。相如說：「在五步之內，相如就要把脖子上的鮮血濺到大王身上了！」
秦王的侍從想用刀刺殺4相如，相如瞪起兩眼大喝一聲，他們嚇得後退5。於是秦王很不高興地敲了一下盆缻。藺相如回頭召喚趙國的御史寫道：「某年某月某日，秦王為趙王擊。」
秦國的羣臣說：「請獻出趙國十五座城為秦王祝壽。」
藺相如也說：「請獻出秦國的咸陽為趙王祝壽。」
秦王到酒宴完畢7，始終不能（在外交上）勝過趙國。
趙國也部署了很多軍隊防備秦國，秦國不敢輕舉妄動。
9.澠池之會_英文翻譯
When the King of Qin was merry with wine, he said: "I have secretly heard that the King of Zhao loves music; please play the se." The King of Zhao played the se. The Qin historian stepped forward and wrote: "On a certain year, month, and day, the King of Qin drank with the King of Zhao and ordered the King of Zhao to play the se."
Lin Xiangru stepped forward and said: "The King of Zhao has secretly heard that the King of Qin is good at singing Qin songs; I request to offer a basin (fou) to the King of Qin to entertain each other."
The King of Qin was angry and refused. Thereupon Xiangru stepped forward to offer the fou, and knelt to request the King of Qin.
The King of Qin refused to strike the fou. Xiangru said: "Within five paces, I request to splash Your Majesty with the blood from my neck!"
The attendants wanted to strike Xiangru with their blades; Xiangru opened his eyes wide and yelled at them, and the attendants all fell back. Thereupon the King of Qin, displeased, struck the fou once.
Qin's ministers said: "Please offer fifteen cities of Zhao to wish the King of Qin longevity." Lin Xiangru also said: "Please offer Xianyang of Qin to wish the King of Zhao longevity."
The King of Qin finished the banquet, ultimately unable to gain the upper hand over Zhao. Zhao also heavily deployed troops to wait for Qin, so Qin did not dare to make a move.
10.負荊請罪_文言
既罷歸國，以相如功大，拜為上卿，位在廉頗之右。
廉頗曰：「我為趙將，有攻城野戰之大功，而藺相如徒以口舌為勞，而位居我上，
且相如素賤人，吾羞，不忍為之下。」
宣言曰：「我見相如，必辱之。」
相如聞， 不肯與會。相如每朝時，常稱病，不欲與廉頗爭列。
已而相如出，望見廉頗，相如引車避匿。
10.負荊請罪_白話翻譯
（澠池之會）結束後，趙王回國，
因相如立了大功，便封他為上卿，職位在廉頗之上。
廉頗說：「我是趙國的大將，有攻城野戰的大功勞，而藺相如只憑着言詞立下功勞，地位卻在我之上。況且藺相如本來是出身卑賤的人，令我感到羞恥，我不能忍受地位在他之下！」
又揚言說：「要是給我碰見藺相如，一定要羞辱他。」
藺相如聽到這話，不肯和廉頗見面。每到上朝時，
藺相如常說有病，不想與廉頗爭官位的高低排列。
不久，藺相如出門，遠遠望見廉頗，就叫自己的車子繞道躲開。
10.負荊請罪_英文翻譯
After they finished and returned to the country, because Xiangru's merit was great, he was appointed as a Chief Minister, with a rank above Lian Po.
Lian Po said: "As a general of Zhao, I have the great merit of attacking cities and fighting in the field, while Lin Xiangru merely has the labor of his tongue, yet his rank is above mine. Moreover, Xiangru was originally a base person; I feel ashamed and cannot bear to be below him."
He openly declared: "If I see Xiangru, I will definitely humiliate him."
Xiangru heard this and refused to meet with him. Whenever it was time for court, Xiangru often claimed to be ill, not wanting to compete for rank with Lian Po. Later, when Xiangru went out and saw Lian Po from afar, he had his carriage pull away to hide.
11.負荊請罪_文言
秦王飲酒酣，曰：「寡人竊聞趙王好音，請奏瑟。」
趙王鼓瑟。秦禦史前書 曰：「某年月日，秦王與趙王會飲，令趙王鼓瑟。」
藺相如前曰：「趙王竊聞秦王善為秦聲，請奏盆缻秦王，以相娛樂。」
秦王怒，不許。於是相如前進缻，因跪請秦王。
秦王不肯擊缻。相如曰：「五步之內，相如請得以頸血濺大王矣！」
左右欲刃相如，相如張目叱之，左右皆靡。於是秦王不懌，為一擊缻。
秦之羣臣曰：「請以趙十五城為秦王壽。」
藺相如亦曰：「請以秦之咸陽為趙王壽。」
秦王竟酒，終不能加勝於趙。趙亦盛設兵以待秦，秦不敢動。
11.負荊請罪_白話翻譯
秦王喝酒喝得高興時說：「我聽說趙王喜愛音樂，請趙王彈彈瑟吧。」
趙王彈瑟，秦國的御史走上前寫道：「某年某月某日，秦王與趙王一起飲酒，命令趙王彈瑟。」
藺相如走上前說：「趙王聽說秦王擅長唱秦地的歌曲，請（允許我）獻上盆給秦王（敲打拍子來唱歌），以此互相酬答娛樂。」
秦王發怒，不肯答應。於是相如上前獻上盆缻，隨即跪下請求秦王。
秦王不肯敲。相如說：「在五步之內，相如就要把脖子上的鮮血濺到大王身上了！」
秦王的侍從想用刀刺殺4相如，相如瞪起兩眼大喝一聲，他們嚇得後退5。於是秦王很不高興6地敲了一下盆缻。藺相如回頭召喚趙國的御史寫道：「某年某月某日，秦王為趙王擊。」
秦國的羣臣說：「請獻出趙國十五座城為秦王祝壽。」
藺相如也說：「請獻出秦國的咸陽為趙王祝壽。」
秦王到酒宴完畢7，始終不能（在外交上）勝過趙國。
趙國也部署了很多軍隊防備秦國，秦國不敢輕舉妄動。
11.負荊請罪_英文翻譯
When the King of Qin was merry with wine, he said: "I have secretly heard that the King of Zhao loves music; please play the se." The King of Zhao played the se. The Qin historian stepped forward and wrote: "On a certain year, month, and day, the King of Qin drank with the King of Zhao and ordered the King of Zhao to play the se."
Lin Xiangru stepped forward and said: "The King of Zhao has secretly heard that the King of Qin is good at singing Qin songs; I request to offer a basin (fou) to the King of Qin to entertain each other."
The King of Qin was angry and refused. Thereupon Xiangru stepped forward to offer the fou, and knelt to request the King of Qin.
The King of Qin refused to strike the fou. Xiangru said: "Within five paces, I request to splash Your Majesty with the blood from my neck!"
The attendants wanted to strike Xiangru with their blades; Xiangru opened his eyes wide and yelled at them, and the attendants all fell back. Thereupon the King of Qin, displeased, struck the fou once.
Qin's ministers said: "Please offer fifteen cities of Zhao to wish the King of Qin longevity." Lin Xiangru also said: "Please offer Xianyang of Qin to wish the King of Zhao longevity."
The King of Qin finished the banquet, ultimately unable to gain the upper hand over Zhao. Zhao also heavily deployed troops to wait for Qin, so Qin did not dare to make a move.
