膠水的起源和發展歷程

起源

早期膠水：膠水的歷史可以追溯到古代，人類最早使用動物的皮膚、骨頭和角等材料熬製膠水。這些天然膠水主要用於粘合木材和其他材料。

植物膠的使用：隨著時間的推移，人們發現某些植物（如橡膠和樹膠）具有天然的粘性，這些植物也被用來製作膠水。

發展歷程

早期膠水的形式：最早的膠水形式包括用面粉和米漿混合加熱製成的漿糊，這是最原始的膠水之一。

合成樹脂的出現：1909年，Baekeland創造了工業酚醛樹脂，標誌著合成膠水的開始。1912年，使用酚醛膠的膠合板問世，顯著提高了耐久性和粘接強度。

橡膠膠水的引入：1932年，橡膠膠水的出現使得膠水的應用範圍進一步擴大，之後並與環氧樹脂等其他樹脂相結合。

環氧樹脂的發展：1950年代，環氧樹脂膠水開始出現，這類膠水以其高強度和多樣性成為結構膠水的首選。

熱熔膠的發展：1960年代，熱熔膠開始流行，隨後出現了反應性和輻射固化熱熔膠。1970年代，第二代丙烯酸醋膠水問世，隨後又有第三代丙烯酸膠黏劑。

現代膠水

研究與改進：1980年代以後，膠水的研究主要集中在改性和性能提升上，開發適用於不同涂布設備的膠水，並推進無損檢測技術的應用。

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Origins and Development of Adhesives

Origins

Early Adhesives:The history of adhesives dates back to ancient times when humans first used materials from animal skins, bones, and horns to make glue. These natural adhesives were primarily used for bonding wood and other materials.

Use of Plant Resins:Over time, people discovered that certain plants, such as rubber and tree resins, had natural adhesive properties, and these plants were also utilized to produce glue.

Development

Early Forms of Adhesives:The earliest forms of adhesives included pastes made by mixing flour and rice starch, which were among the most primitive types of glue.

Emergence of Synthetic Resins:In 1909, Leo Baekeland developed industrial phenolic resin, marking the beginning of synthetic adhesives. By 1912, plywood using phenolic glue was introduced, significantly improving durability and bonding strength.

Introduction of Rubber Adhesives:In 1932, the advent of rubber adhesives further expanded the range of adhesive applications, leading to combinations with other resins like epoxy.

Development of Epoxy Resins:In the 1950s, epoxy adhesives began to appear, becoming the preferred choice for structural adhesives due to their high strength and versatility.

Advancement of Hot Melt Adhesives:In the 1960s, hot melt adhesives gained popularity, followed by the introduction of reactive and radiation-curable hot melts. In the 1970s, the second generation of acrylic vinegar adhesives emerged, followed by the third generation of acrylic adhesives.

Modern Adhesives

Research and Improvement:Since the 1980s, research on adhesives has primarily focused on modifications and performance enhancements, developing adhesives suitable for various coating equipment, and advancing the application of non-destructive testing technologies.